Brucellosis
Brucellosis is an infectious disease. Brucellosis also called is Malta fever. It caused by the bacteria of the genus Brucella. Various Brucella species affect sheep, goats, cattle, deer, dogs, and several other animals. It is found throughout the world. It is spread through contact with aborted fetuses and discharges from the uterus of infected bitches, during mating, through maternal milk and possibly through airborne transmission in some cases. The bacteria enters the body through mucous membranes and spreads from there to lymph nodes and the spleen. It also spreads to the uterus, placenta and prostate gland as well as other internal organs at times. Humans become infected by coming in contact with animals or animal products that are contaminated with these bacteria.Severe infections of the central nervous systems or lining of the heart may occur.
Brucellosis can also cause long-lasting or chronic symptoms that include recurrent fevers, joint pain, and fatigue.The bacteria that infects dogs specifically is called Brucella canis. It is spread by contact with the semen or vaginal discharge of an infected dog or bitch by contact with mammary secretions and aborted puppies, and can also possibly be spread by contact with urine or other body secretions. In indoor kennel situations, it may even possibly be spread by the airborne route. The most rational approach for preventing human brucellosis is the control and elimination of the infection in animals. Pasteurization of milk is another protective mechanism. Vaccination of cattle is recommended for control of bovine brucellosis in enzootic areas with high prevalence rates. The same holds true for goat and sheep brucellosis.
Causes of Brucellosis
Common causes of Brucellosis
- Unpasteurized milk.
- Inhalation.
- Contact with the placenta of infected animals.
- Infected meat.
Symptoms of Brucellosis
Common symptoms of Brucellosis
- Fever.
- Weakness.
- Malaise.
- Weight loss.
- Fatigue.
- Headache.
- Abdominal pain.
- Chills.
Treatment of Brucellosis
Common treatment of Brucellosis
- Antibiotic therapy.
- Doxycycline.
- Avoid raw dairy foods.
- Immunize domestic animals.
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